Hubungan antara Usia, Lama Keluhan Nyeri Abdomen, Nilai Leukosit, dan Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit dengan Kejadian Apendisitis Akut Perforasi di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
Relationship between Age, Duration of Abdominal Pain, Leukocyte Value, and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio with the Incidence of Acute Appendicitis Perforation at RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v3i4.467Keywords:
Acute appendicitis perforation, age, duration of abdominal pain, leukocyte value, neutrophil lymphocyte ratioAbstract
Acute appendicitis is an infection that occurs in the appendix vermiformis or commonly known in the community with inflammation of the appendix. The incidence of appendicitis in the world is quite high and diagnosis is still a challenge in surgery. Delay in establishing a definite diagnosis of appendicitis has implications for suboptimal management and can lead to complications in the form of perforation. Perforation of the appendix vermiformis will result in peritonitis and can cause uncontrolled sepsis and intra-abdominal abscess. Age and delay in diagnosis are factors that play a role in the occurrence of perforation of the appendix vermiformis. The longer the complaint of abdominal pain experienced in acute appendicitis, the higher the possibility of perforation. Leukocyte count and lymphocyte neutrophil ratio is a laboratory test that can help diagnose acute appendicitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between age, duration of abdominal pain, leukocyte value, and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with the incidence of acute appendicitis perforation. The design of this study uses a cross-sectional study with observational analytic methods. Data were taken from the medical records of patients with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis who received appendectomy at the Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda Regional General Hospital for the period 2018-2019 using purposive sampling technique and obtained 105 research samples. Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test and fisher test if the expected count less than 5. The analysis results obtained a significant relationship between age (p=0,015), duration of abdominal pain (p=0,000), leukocyte value (p=0,049), and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (p= 0,000) with the incidence of acute appendicitis perforation.
References
[1] Liang, M. K., Andersson, R. E., Jaffe, B. M., & Berger, D. H. (2015). The Appendix. Dalam F. C. Brunicardi, Schwartz's Principles of Surgery, 10th Ed. (hal. 1241-1262). USA: McGraw-Hill Education.
[2] Indri, U. V., Karim, D., & Elita, V. (2014). Hubungan Antara Nyeri, Kecemasan dan Lingkungan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Pasien Post Operasi Apendisitis. JOM PSIK Vol.1.
[3] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2009). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan.
[4] Jones, M. W., Lopez, R. A., & Deppen, J. G. (2019). Appendicitis. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
[5] Peranteau, W. H., & Smink, D. S. (2013). Appendix, Meckel's, and Other Small Bowel Diverticula. Dalam M. J. Zinner, & S. W. Ashley, Maingot's Abdominal Operations, 12th Ed. (hal. 623-640). USA: McGraw-Hill Companies.
[6] Riwanto, I., Hamami, A. H., & Pieter, J. (2010). Usus Halus, Apendiks, Kolon, dan Anorektum. Dalam R. Sjamsuhidajat, Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah Sjamsuhidajat-de Jong, Edisi 3 (hal. 755-762). Jakarta: EGC.
[7] Fransisca, C., Gotra, M., & Mahastuti, N. M. (2019). Karakteristik Pasien dengan Gambaran Histopatologi Apendisitis di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Tahun 2015-2017. Jurnal Medika Udayana, Vol.8 No.7.
[8] Odith, T. R. (2006). Pemeriksaan Jumlah Leukosit Dalam Mendukung Akurasi Diagnosis pada Tiap-tiap Derajat Apendisitis Anak Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Cloud di RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta.
[9] Abu Foul, S., Egozi, E., & Assalia, A. (2019). Is Early Appendectomy in Adults Diagnosed with Acute Appendicitis Mandatory? A Prospective Study. World Journal of Emergency Surgery.
[10] Longo, D. L., & Fauci, A. S. (2013). Harrison : Gaastroenterologi dan Hepatologi. Jakarta: EGC.
[11] Bhatti, A., Dawood, A., Farzana, & Zaman, J. (2009). Acute Appendicitis: Can WBC Count, Age, and Duration of Symptoms Predict Severity Disease. Pakistan Journal of Surgery, 167-170.
[12] Kahramanca, S., Ozgehan, G., & Seker, D. (2014). Neutophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Acute Appendicitis. Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 19-22.
[13] Putra, C. B., & Suryana, S. N. (2020). Gambaran Prediktor Perforasi pada Penderita Apendisitis di Rumah Sakit Umum Ari Canti Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia tahun 2018. Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11, 122-128.
[14] Kanumba, E. S., Mabula, J. B., & Chalya, P. L. (2011). Modified Alvarado Scoring System as a Diagnostic Tool for Acute Appendicitis at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. BMC Surgery, Vol.11, 2-5.
[15] Fasen, G., Schirmer, B., & Hedrick, T. L. (2019). Appendix. Dalam C. J. Yeo, Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Ed. 8th (hal. 1951-1958). Philadelphia: Elsevier.
[16] Gupta, V., & Sharma, S. (2005). Neonatal Appendicitis with Perforation: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, Vol. 10, 179-180.
[17] Omari, A., Khammas, M., Qasaimeh, G., Shammari, A., Yaseen, M., & Hammori, S. (2014). Acute Appendicitis in Elderly: Risk Factors for Perforation. World Jornal of Emergency Surgery, 1-6.
[18] Wei, P.-L., Lin, H.-C., Kao, L.-T., Chen, Y.-H., & Lee, C.-Z. (2016). Diabetes is Associated with Perforated Appendicitis: Evidence from a Population-Based Syudy. The American Journal of Surgery, Vol.212, 735-739.
[19] Singh, M., Kadian, Y. S., Rattan, K. N., & Jangra, B. (2014). Complicated Appendicitis: Analysis of Risk Factors in Children. African Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Vol. 11, 109-113.
[20] Dian, A., Ali, A., Azam, U. F., & Khan, M. M. (2011). Perforated Appendix-Our Local Experience. Rawal Medical Journal.
[21] Larsen, S. J., Lalla, M., & Thorup, J. M. (2013). The Influence of Age, Duration of Symptoms and Duration of Operation on Outcome After Appendicitis in Children. Danish Medical Journal.
[22] Nshuti, R., Kruger, D., & Luvhengo, T. E. (2014). Clinical Presentation of Acute Appendicitis in Adults at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. International Journal of Emergency Medicine.
[23] Asad, S., Ashfaq, A., & Sajjad, A. (2015). Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality. J. Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad.
[24] Sesa, W. C. (2016). Perbandingan Antara Suhu Tubuh, Kadar Leukosit, dan Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) pada Apendisitis Akut dan Apendisitis Perforasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu Tahun 2014. Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako Vol.2 No.2, 1-72.
[25] Agrawal, C. S., Adhikari, S., & Kumar, M. (2008). Role of Serum C-Reactive Protein and Leukocyte Count in The Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Nepalese Popuation. Nepal Med Coll J, 11-15.
[26] Gearhart, S. L., & Silen, W. (2013). Apendisitis Akut dan Peritonitis. Dalam D. L. Longo, & A. S. Fauci, Harrison : Gastroenterologi dan Hepatologi (hal. 202-206). Jakarta: EGC.
[27] Sack, U., Biereder, B., Elouahidi, T., & Bauer, K. (2006). Diagnostic Value of Blood Inflammatory Markers for Detection of Acute Appendicitis in Children. BMC Surg.
[28] Baratawidjaya, K. G., & Rengganis, I. (2014). Imunologi Dasar, Ed.11. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
[29] Christian, D. P., Suwedagatha, I. G., Golden, N., & Wiargitha, I. K. (2017). Validitas Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit pada Apendisitis Komplikata di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Bedah Nasional Vol. 1 No.1.
[30] Ishizuka, M., Shimizu, T., & Kubota, K. (2012). Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Has a Close Association With Gangrenous Appendicitis in Patients Undergoing Appendectomy. Int Surg, Vol.97, 299-304.
[31] Maria, Naim, N., & Armah, Z. (2019). Gambaran Jumlah Limfosit dan Neutrofil pada Penderita Apendisitis (Usus Buntu) Akut di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Jurnal Media Analisis Kesehatan, Vol.10, 119-125.
[32] Rosales, C., Demaurex, N., Lowell, C. A., & Querol, E. U. (2016). Neutrophils: Their Role in Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Journal of Immunoloy Research.
[33] Sherwood, L. (2015). Fisiologi Manusia Dari Sel ke Sistem Ed. 8. Jakarta: EGC.
[34] Zahorec, R. (2001). Ratio of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Counts - Rapid and Simple Parameter of Systemic Inflammation and Stress in Critically Ill. Bratisl Lek Listy, Vol.102, 5-14.
[35] Dilektasli, E., Inaba, K., Haltmeier, T., Wong, M. D., Clark, D., Benjamin, E., . . . Demetriades, D. (2016). The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Mortality in Critically Ill Trauma Patients. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Vol.81.
[2] Indri, U. V., Karim, D., & Elita, V. (2014). Hubungan Antara Nyeri, Kecemasan dan Lingkungan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Pasien Post Operasi Apendisitis. JOM PSIK Vol.1.
[3] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2009). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan.
[4] Jones, M. W., Lopez, R. A., & Deppen, J. G. (2019). Appendicitis. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing.
[5] Peranteau, W. H., & Smink, D. S. (2013). Appendix, Meckel's, and Other Small Bowel Diverticula. Dalam M. J. Zinner, & S. W. Ashley, Maingot's Abdominal Operations, 12th Ed. (hal. 623-640). USA: McGraw-Hill Companies.
[6] Riwanto, I., Hamami, A. H., & Pieter, J. (2010). Usus Halus, Apendiks, Kolon, dan Anorektum. Dalam R. Sjamsuhidajat, Buku Ajar Ilmu Bedah Sjamsuhidajat-de Jong, Edisi 3 (hal. 755-762). Jakarta: EGC.
[7] Fransisca, C., Gotra, M., & Mahastuti, N. M. (2019). Karakteristik Pasien dengan Gambaran Histopatologi Apendisitis di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Tahun 2015-2017. Jurnal Medika Udayana, Vol.8 No.7.
[8] Odith, T. R. (2006). Pemeriksaan Jumlah Leukosit Dalam Mendukung Akurasi Diagnosis pada Tiap-tiap Derajat Apendisitis Anak Berdasarkan Klasifikasi Cloud di RS Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta.
[9] Abu Foul, S., Egozi, E., & Assalia, A. (2019). Is Early Appendectomy in Adults Diagnosed with Acute Appendicitis Mandatory? A Prospective Study. World Journal of Emergency Surgery.
[10] Longo, D. L., & Fauci, A. S. (2013). Harrison : Gaastroenterologi dan Hepatologi. Jakarta: EGC.
[11] Bhatti, A., Dawood, A., Farzana, & Zaman, J. (2009). Acute Appendicitis: Can WBC Count, Age, and Duration of Symptoms Predict Severity Disease. Pakistan Journal of Surgery, 167-170.
[12] Kahramanca, S., Ozgehan, G., & Seker, D. (2014). Neutophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Acute Appendicitis. Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, 19-22.
[13] Putra, C. B., & Suryana, S. N. (2020). Gambaran Prediktor Perforasi pada Penderita Apendisitis di Rumah Sakit Umum Ari Canti Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia tahun 2018. Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11, 122-128.
[14] Kanumba, E. S., Mabula, J. B., & Chalya, P. L. (2011). Modified Alvarado Scoring System as a Diagnostic Tool for Acute Appendicitis at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. BMC Surgery, Vol.11, 2-5.
[15] Fasen, G., Schirmer, B., & Hedrick, T. L. (2019). Appendix. Dalam C. J. Yeo, Shackelford's Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Ed. 8th (hal. 1951-1958). Philadelphia: Elsevier.
[16] Gupta, V., & Sharma, S. (2005). Neonatal Appendicitis with Perforation: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, Vol. 10, 179-180.
[17] Omari, A., Khammas, M., Qasaimeh, G., Shammari, A., Yaseen, M., & Hammori, S. (2014). Acute Appendicitis in Elderly: Risk Factors for Perforation. World Jornal of Emergency Surgery, 1-6.
[18] Wei, P.-L., Lin, H.-C., Kao, L.-T., Chen, Y.-H., & Lee, C.-Z. (2016). Diabetes is Associated with Perforated Appendicitis: Evidence from a Population-Based Syudy. The American Journal of Surgery, Vol.212, 735-739.
[19] Singh, M., Kadian, Y. S., Rattan, K. N., & Jangra, B. (2014). Complicated Appendicitis: Analysis of Risk Factors in Children. African Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Vol. 11, 109-113.
[20] Dian, A., Ali, A., Azam, U. F., & Khan, M. M. (2011). Perforated Appendix-Our Local Experience. Rawal Medical Journal.
[21] Larsen, S. J., Lalla, M., & Thorup, J. M. (2013). The Influence of Age, Duration of Symptoms and Duration of Operation on Outcome After Appendicitis in Children. Danish Medical Journal.
[22] Nshuti, R., Kruger, D., & Luvhengo, T. E. (2014). Clinical Presentation of Acute Appendicitis in Adults at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital. International Journal of Emergency Medicine.
[23] Asad, S., Ashfaq, A., & Sajjad, A. (2015). Causes of Delayed Presentation of Acute Appendicitis and Its Impact on Morbidity and Mortality. J. Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad.
[24] Sesa, W. C. (2016). Perbandingan Antara Suhu Tubuh, Kadar Leukosit, dan Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) pada Apendisitis Akut dan Apendisitis Perforasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu Tahun 2014. Jurnal Kesehatan Tadulako Vol.2 No.2, 1-72.
[25] Agrawal, C. S., Adhikari, S., & Kumar, M. (2008). Role of Serum C-Reactive Protein and Leukocyte Count in The Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Nepalese Popuation. Nepal Med Coll J, 11-15.
[26] Gearhart, S. L., & Silen, W. (2013). Apendisitis Akut dan Peritonitis. Dalam D. L. Longo, & A. S. Fauci, Harrison : Gastroenterologi dan Hepatologi (hal. 202-206). Jakarta: EGC.
[27] Sack, U., Biereder, B., Elouahidi, T., & Bauer, K. (2006). Diagnostic Value of Blood Inflammatory Markers for Detection of Acute Appendicitis in Children. BMC Surg.
[28] Baratawidjaya, K. G., & Rengganis, I. (2014). Imunologi Dasar, Ed.11. Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
[29] Christian, D. P., Suwedagatha, I. G., Golden, N., & Wiargitha, I. K. (2017). Validitas Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit pada Apendisitis Komplikata di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Jurnal Bedah Nasional Vol. 1 No.1.
[30] Ishizuka, M., Shimizu, T., & Kubota, K. (2012). Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Has a Close Association With Gangrenous Appendicitis in Patients Undergoing Appendectomy. Int Surg, Vol.97, 299-304.
[31] Maria, Naim, N., & Armah, Z. (2019). Gambaran Jumlah Limfosit dan Neutrofil pada Penderita Apendisitis (Usus Buntu) Akut di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Jurnal Media Analisis Kesehatan, Vol.10, 119-125.
[32] Rosales, C., Demaurex, N., Lowell, C. A., & Querol, E. U. (2016). Neutrophils: Their Role in Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Journal of Immunoloy Research.
[33] Sherwood, L. (2015). Fisiologi Manusia Dari Sel ke Sistem Ed. 8. Jakarta: EGC.
[34] Zahorec, R. (2001). Ratio of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Counts - Rapid and Simple Parameter of Systemic Inflammation and Stress in Critically Ill. Bratisl Lek Listy, Vol.102, 5-14.
[35] Dilektasli, E., Inaba, K., Haltmeier, T., Wong, M. D., Clark, D., Benjamin, E., . . . Demetriades, D. (2016). The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio on Mortality in Critically Ill Trauma Patients. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Vol.81.
Downloads
Published
2021-08-31
How to Cite
Mirantika, N., Danial, D., & Suprapto, B. (2021). Hubungan antara Usia, Lama Keluhan Nyeri Abdomen, Nilai Leukosit, dan Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit dengan Kejadian Apendisitis Akut Perforasi di RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda: Relationship between Age, Duration of Abdominal Pain, Leukocyte Value, and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio with the Incidence of Acute Appendicitis Perforation at RSUD Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Jurnal Sains Dan Kesehatan, 3(4), 576–585. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v3i4.467
Issue
Section
Articles
