Potensi Penghambatan Enzim Tirosinase dengan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.)
Potential inhibition of Tyrosinase Enzyme by Ethanol Extracts Kopasanda Leaf (Chromolaena Odorata L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v6i1.2120Abstract
The need for skin care is increasing. One indicator of skin health is the brightness of skin color. Tyrosinase enzyme can darken skin color due to its activity against melanin biosynthesis. Skin color will also change when exposed to UV rays, even at a more severe level can cause cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of copasanda leaves of Chromolaena odorata L. C. odorata leaves are weeds from the Asteraceae family which contain several compounds such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. In this study, the ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves was tested in inhibiting tyrosinase enzyme activity based on the percent inhibition. Determination of tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity using UV-Vis spectrometer at a wavelength of 495 nm, done by calculating the IC50 value with kojic acid as a positive control. The results showed that the IC50 value of the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity test, kojic acid as a positive control amounted to 27,472 mg L-1 (very strong), the sample of ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves amounted to 81,546 mg L-1 (very strong). The ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves has an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase enzyme which is used as a potential source material for natural antimelagenic compounds.
Keywords: Chromolaena odorata L., tyrosinase enzyme, Weeds
Abstrak
Kebutuhan akan perawatan kulit semakin meningkat. Salah satu indikator kesehatan kulit adalah kecerahan kulit warna kulit. Enzim tirosinase dapat menggelapkan warna kulit karena aktivitasnya melawan biosintesis melanin. Warna kulit juga akan berubah ketika terpapar sinar UV, bahkan pada tingkat yang lebih parah dapat menyebabkan kanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase dari ekstrak etanol daun kopasanda Chromolaena odorata L. Daun C. odorata merupakan tumbuhan gulma dari family Asteraceae yang mengandung beberapa senyawa seperti tannin, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, dan steroid. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian terhadap ekstrak etanol daun C. odorata dalam menghambat aktivitas enzim tirosinase berdasarkan persen penghambatannya. Penentuan aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase menggunakan alat Spektrometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 495 nm, dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai IC50 dengan asam kojic sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 dari uji aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase, asam kojic sebagai kontrol positif sebesar 27,472 mg L-1 (sangat kuat), sampel ekstrak etanol daun C.odorata sebesar 81,546 mg L-1 (sangat kuat). Ekstrak etanol daun C. odorata memiliki efek penghambatan terhadap enzim tirosinase yang digunakan sebagai bahan sumber potensial senyawa antimelagenik alami.
Kata Kunci: Chromolaena odorata L, enzim tirosinase, Gulma
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